SIMPLE FUTURE

ayo temen-temen gimana masa depan kalian nanti udah kepikir belum mau ngapain dan jadi apa di masa depan nanti atau yang punya cita-cita ntar mau diwujudin di masa depan nah di materi ini bahas soal masa depan loh yukss pelajari :D

simple future is used for describing job or action that will happened in the future. Simple future has two different forms in English: “will” and “be going to”.

Positive (+)
a) S + shall/will + V1
Example:
• I shall write a novel.
• They will play badminton.
• I will go to the market.

b) S + be + going + to + V1
Example:
• I am going to write a novel.
• They are going to play badminton.
• Dheppy is give a present to me.

Negative (-)
c) S + shall/will + not +V1 + O
Example:
• I shan’t write a novel.
• She won’t clean the room.
• You will not help him later.
• I will not take a nap soon.

d) S + to be + not + going to + V1 + O
Example:
• I am not going to party.
• He is not going to visit his grandparents next month.
• We are not going to clean the classroom.
Interrogative
e) Will + S + V1 + O
Example:
• Will you arrive on time?
• Will they want dinner?
• Will he swim very fast?

f) To be + S + going to + V1
Example:
• Am I going to visit my aunt?
• Are you buying a shirt?
• Is he going to write a novel?

Use of simple Future
1. Use “will” to express a voluntary action
Examples:
• I will send you the information when I get it.
• I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
• Will you help me move this heavy table?

2. Use “will” to express a promise
Examples:
• I will call you when I arrive.
• I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
• I won’t tell anyone your secret.


3. Use “be going to” to express a plan
Examples:
• He is going to spend his vacation in Bandung.
• I’m going to be an actress when I grow up.
• She is not going o spend her holiday in Jakarta.

4. Use “will” or “be going to” to express a prediction
Examples:
• The year 2212 will be a very interesting year.
• The year 2212 is going to be a very interesting year.
• Debby will be the next superstar.

PASSIVE VOICE

aku menonton film narnia , film narnia ditonton oleh ku . loh kok gitu kalimatnya ??? itu masuk dalam PASSIVE VOICE loh temen-temen . yuks pelajari selengkapnya ya :)

guys, what do you read when a senteces like this?
rigth, this is passive voice, which details the work of this sentence shows that we have done in the past, returning us to the use of past tense, and when to use passive voice do not forget to change the verb 1 -> Verb 3. Because it is characteristic of the passive voice

There are two voices in English, the active and the passive. The active tells us what the subject does, for example: The secretary wrote a letter. The passive tell us what is done to the subject, for example: The letter was written by the secretary.
Definition of passive voice:
A passive construction occurs when you make the object of an action into the subject of a sentence. That is, whoever or whatever is performing the action is not grammatical subject of the sentence.
The generic structure:
• Active: S + V active + O
• Passive: O + to be + V3 + by + S

Active to passive voice
Simple Present
Noun + is/am/are + V3
Active: she is write a letter.
Passive: A letter is written by her.

Present continuous
Noun + is/am/are + being + V3
Active: I am buying a motorcycle.
Passive: A motorcycle is being bought by me.



Simple Past
Noun + was/were + V3
Active: The police released the hostages.
Passive: The hostages were released by the police.

Past Continuous
Noun + was/were + being +V3
Active: The officer was investigating the case.
Passive: The case was being investigated by the officer.

Simple Future
Noun + shall/will + be +V3
Active: The judges will issue a verdict against the accused.
Passive: A verdict against the accused will be issued by the judges.

Past Future
Noun + should/would + be +V3
Active: The investigator would hand in the file.
Passive: The file would be handed in by the investigator.

Simple Present Perfect
Noun + has/have + been + V3
Active: A local resident has uncovered an ancient boat.
Passive: An ancient boat has been uncovered by a local resident.

Past Perfect
Noun + had + been + V3
Active: We had found your watch.
Passive: Your watch had been found by us.

Simple Future Perfect
Noun + shall/will + have + been + V3
Active: The witness shall have shown the evidence.
Passive: The evidence will have been shown by the witness.

Past Future Perfect
Noun + should/would + have + been + V3
Active: The major should have been invited by the president.
Passive: The president should have been invited by the major.

Modals
Noun + must/shall/will/have to/has to + be + V3
Active: Sugiarto must report his attendance to the police once a week.
Passive: His attendance must be reported by Sugiarto to the police once a week.


If you want to change an active sentence which has two objects into its passive forms, there are two ways:
Make its indirect object into the subject of the passive sentence.
Make its direct object into the subject of the passive sentence
Use of passive
Passive voice is use when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.
Example: My bike was stolen.
In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I don’t know, however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite then active voice, as the following example shows: A mistake was made.
In this case, the focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I don’t blame anyone.

When we rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
• The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence.
• The finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle).
• The subject of the active sentence becomes by Agent in the passive sentence (or is dropped).
• Only active sentence containing object which can be changed into passive form.
• The two forms should have the same tenses.

How about the negative and interrogative?
Take a look at the followings:
• People don’t use bikes anymore.
• Bikes are not used anymore.
• Did the students play the cards in the class yesterday?
• Were the cards played in the class yesterday?

ASKING IF SOMEONE REMEMBERS OR NOT

kira-kira kalo kamu ditanya kejadian yang udah lama bgt masih ingat gak ya? nah topik ini akan membahas tentang itu temen-temen , pelajari yukss :D

1. FORMAL EXPRESSIONS

• Wonder if you remember ...
• You remember ..., don’t you?
• You haven’t forgotten ..., have you?
• Don’t you remember ...
• Do you happen to remember it now?

WAYS TO RESPOND

• Let me think, yes, I remember.
• I remember especially the scenery.
• I’ll never forget that.
• I’ll always remember.
• I can remember it clearly.

2. INFORMAL EXPRESSIONS

• Remember the old house we used to live in?
• Remember that?
• I’m sorry I don’t remember.

WAYS TO RESPOND

• Hold on. Yes, got it!
• I know ...
• It’s coming back to me now.

RESPOND IF YOU FORGET

• Sorry, I’ve completely forgotten.
• I’m afraid I forget.
• I really can’t remember.
• I’m afraid I have no memory of him.
• Hmm, let me think. No, it’s gone.
• Sorry, it slipped off my mind.

PREPOSITION : IN , ON , AT

apa itu PREPOSITION : IN , ON , AT ? baca disini :D

We use :

• At for a PRECISE TIME.
• In for MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS.
• On for DAYS and DATESat in on.
• PRECISE TIME MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS DAYS and DATES.

PRECISE TIME MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS DAYS and DATES

• at 3 o'clock in May on Sunday.
• at 10.30am in summer on Tuesdays.
• at noon in the summer on 6 March.
• at dinnertime in 1990 on 25 Dec. 2010.
• at bedtime in the 1990s on Christmas Day.
• at sunrise in the next century on Independence Day.
• at sunset in the Ice Age on my birthday.
• at the moment in the past/future on New Year's Eve.

 Notice the use of the prepositions of time in and on in these common expressions : in on

• in the morning on Tuesday morning.
• in the mornings on Saturday mornings.
• in the afternoon(s) on Sunday afternoons.
• in the evening(s) on Monday evening.

Notice the use of the prepositions of place at, in and on in these standard expressions: at in on

• at home in a car on a bus.
• at work in a taxi on a train.
• at school in a helicopter on a plane.
• at university in a boat on a ship.
• at college in a lift (elevator) on a bicycle, on a motorbike.
• at the top in the newspaper on a horse, on an elephant.
• at the bottom in the sky on the radio, on television.
• at the side in a row on the left, on the right.
• at reception in Oxford Street on the way.

FINITE VERB

nah loh masuk materi ini aku juga belum gitu ngerti  FINITE VERB itu gimana yaudah go kita pelajari bersama!!!

Definition of finite verb : a verb has subject, this means that it can be main verb in a sentence. It shows tense (past/present, etc) or number (plural/singular), a finite verb makes an assertion or expresses a state of being and can stan by it self as the main verb of sentence.

Finite verb can from "independent clause" which can stand by their own as complete sentence. If contains remain subject and verb of a sentence.

 
In English only verbs in certain mood are finite. These include: indicative mood, finite verbs must use verbs.
example : Alni is going to visit her mother in the hospital.
 

Other kind of finite verb:

Imperative mood : giving a command, in imperative mood, finite verb don't need subject.
Indicate mood : expressing state of appairs in indicative mood finite verb is must used verb.
e.g : Help me, please!
e.g of finite verb : Puspita was walking. Walking is non finite and was is to be. When they are put together, they make up finite form was walking.

 

Definition of non-finite verb : the verb has no subject, tense, or number. The only finite verb are the infinitive (indicated by to), the gerund, or the participle (present/past), nonfinite verbs must ordinaly combine with a modal, an auxilarary verb, or the infitial particle to.

- Verbs ending in -ing. These are called present participles, they were cooking in Jojo's house.
- This non-finite verb form end -ed many also end -en. These are called past participles. I have written my letter (the past participle written is non finite and can't be main verb).
- Talking is the children's favourite pastime. (talking is gerund, verb to be noun)

 

The infinitif can have the following forms :

- the perfect infinitif

to have + past participle . e.g : to have broken, to heve seen

- continuous infinitif

to be + present . e.g : to be swimming, to be joking

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Mau belajar kalimat langsung dan tak langsung dalam english :D pelajari disini go go let's goooo :)


A. Direct Speech
Direct speech referd to reproducing another person’s exact words o saying exactly what someone had said (sometimes called quated speech)
Here what a person says appers within quatation marks (‘’...’’) and should be word for word.

B. Indirect Speech
Indirect speech resroducing the idea of anather person’s word doesn’t use question mark to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word foe word. Indirect speech is sometimes called reported speech.

TENSE CHANGE
• When reporting speech the tense usually changes. This is because whwn we use reported speech, we are usually talking about atime in the past (because pbviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have ro be in the past too.
• Note : reporting verbs that are usually used ti report imperative sentence are : tell, other command, ask, warn, remind.

Present Simple
Past tense
Direct : jessie said ‘’ I eat fried chicken’’.
Indirect : jessie said that she ate fried chicken.

Past Simple
Past Perfect
Direct : Mother said ‘’ I want to market yesterday’’
Indirect : Mother said (that) she had gone to market the day before.
Future Simple
Past Future
Direct : Debby said ‘’ I will buy a notebook next week’’.
Indirect : Debby said (that) she would buy a notebokk the week after.

Present Continuous
Past Continuous
Direct : Sinta said ‘’ I’m playing badminton ‘’
Indirect : Sinta said she was plating badminton.

Past Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
Direct : She said ‘’ I was teaching earlier’’
Indirect : She said she had been teaching earlier.

OFFERING

nah kita masuk ke materi tawar menawar plus ini materi buat presentasiku nanti , mau tau lebih lengkapnya yuks kita pelajari sama sama :D

Definition of Offering :

1. The act of making an offer.
2. Something, such as stock, that is offered.
3. A presentation made to a deity as an act of religious worship or sacrifice; an oblation.
4. A contribution or gift, especially one made at a religious service.

OFFERING MAY REFER TO :

• Offering, a collection of donations during religious worship, see alms, tithe or charity.
• Offering, a religious sacrifice of plant, animal or human life.
• Offering (Buddhism), a part of devotional practice.
• Securities offering, a discrete round of investment, usually regulated in the United States by the Securities Act of 1933.

OFFERING TO OLDER PEOPLE

• Would you like a cup of coffee, Mr. Green?
• Should I get you a bottle of water?
• Could I offer you a glass of lemonade, Ms. Lina?
• Would you care for some salad?

OFFERING TO FRIENDS

• Want some?
• Have some.
• Chocolate?
• Glass of lemonade?
• Grab some for yourself.
• Would you like to have a pancake?
• Why don’t you have some lemonade?
• What can I get for you?
• What will you have?

ACCEPTING AN OFFER

• Thank you.
• Yes, please.
• I’d like it very much.
• Thank you, I would.
• That would be very nice.

DECLINING AN OFFER

• No, thanks.
• No, I really won’t. Thank you.
• Not for me, thanks.
• No, thanks. I’m not hungry.